Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) pose a global health challenge, being a leading cause of morbidity
and mortality worldwide [1]. With an increasing incidence of CVDs [1], there is a growing need for
effective vascular health assessment. Non-invasive vascular imaging could play a key role in
comprehending and mitigating the onset and progression of CVDs. In this introduction, the
pathophysiology of strokes, one of the main CVDs, and current knowledge and technical
advancements in vascular imaging will be discussed, followed by the objectives and outline of this
thesis.